美式九球、中式黑八、英式斯诺克和俄式台球的区别

The differences between American Nine-ball, Chinese Eight-ball, English Snooker, and Russian Pyramid

美式九球、中式黑八、英式斯诺克和俄式台球是四种完全不同、各具特色的台球运动。它们的主要区别体现在球桌、用球、规则和目标上。

American 9-Ball, Chinese 8-Ball, English Snooker, and Russian Pyramid are four completely different and unique cue sports. Their main differences are reflected in the table, balls, rules, and objectives.

下面我将为您详细分解它们的区别。

Below, I will break down their differences in detail.

一、核心区别速览 / Core Differences at a Glance

二、详细说明 / Detailed Explanation

1. 美式九球 (9-Ball)

l 目标： 比赛双方使用同一个母球，必须从台面上号码最小的球开始打。只要在合法击球后（先碰到最小号码的球），任何球进袋都有效。谁合法地将9号球打进袋，谁就赢得该局。

¡ *Objective: Both players use the same cue ball and must contact the lowest-numbered ball on the table first. Any ball potted after a legal shot is counted. The player who legally pockets the 9-ball wins the frame.*

l 特点：

¡ ○ 节奏非常快，一局可能几分钟就结束。

n Very fast pace, a frame can end in just a few minutes.

¡ ○ 充满了组合球（用一颗球去撞进另一颗球）和借球（颗星）进攻，观赏性很强。

n Full of combination shots (using one ball to pocket another) and bank shots (off the cushion), very entertaining to watch.

¡ ○ 由于顺序击打的规则，经常出现开局没多久就通过组合球直接打进9号球的情况，有一定的运气成分，但更需要高超的规划能力。

n *Due to the rotation rule, it's common to see the 9-ball potted early via a combination, introducing a luck factor but requiring high-level planning.*

2. 中式黑八 (Chinese 8-Ball)

l 目标： 开球后，如果有一位选手合法进袋，他就确定了一种球色（全色或花色）。清完自己所有的7颗目标球后，必须在指定袋口合法地将8号黑球打进，才能获胜。

¡ *Objective: After the break, if a player legally pockets a ball, they are assigned that group (solids or stripes). After clearing all 7 of their object balls, they must legally pocket the black 8-ball in a called pocket to win.*

l 特点：

¡ ○ 规则非常严格：犯规即给对方手中球（可将母球放在桌面任何位置击打），这使得防守和做斯诺克（障碍球）变得极其重要。

n Very strict rules: A foul gives the opponent "ball in hand" (can place the cue ball anywhere on the table), making defense and snookers extremely important.

¡ ○ 袋口窄，对准度要求远高于美式九球。

n *Narrow pockets demand much higher accuracy than in 9-Ball.*

¡ ○ 开球力量巨大，是比赛的重要组成部分。它可以看作是用斯诺克的准度去打美式台球的规则，是中国本土化最成功的台球玩法。

n A powerful break is a key part of the game. It can be seen as playing by American pool rules with Snooker-like accuracy, and is the most successful localized cue sport in China.

3. 英式斯诺克 (Snooker)

l 目标： 比赛分为两个阶段。第一阶段：球员必须先打进一个红球（1分），然后可以选择任意一个彩球（黄2、绿3、棕4、蓝5、粉6、黑7分）击打。彩球进袋后会被重新放置回点位。所有红球打完後，第二阶段：必须按分值从小到大依次击打彩球。最终分数高者获胜。

¡ *Objective: The game has two phases. Phase 1: Pot a red ball (1pt), then pot any colored ball (2-7pts). Colored balls are respotted. After all reds are potted, Phase 2: Pot the colored balls in ascending order of value (2-7pts). The player with the highest score wins.*

l 特点：

¡ ○ 台面巨大（3.6m x 1.8m），球小，袋口形状为弧形，极其容易“吐球”。

n Huge playing surface (3.6m x 1.8m), small balls, and curved pockets make the balls very easy to "spit out".

¡ ○ 对基本功、走位（母球控制）和全局策略的要求是所有台球中最高的。一杆连续得分（“一杆清台”）过百分是家常便饭，顶尖选手的单杆最高分纪录是147分。

n It demands the highest level of fundamental skill, positional play (cue ball control), and overall strategy. Scoring over 100 points in a single break ("clearance") is common; the top players' maximum break record is 147.

¡ ○ 比赛时间长，战术复杂，被誉为台球中的“象棋”。

n Matches are long, tactics are complex, and it is reputed as the "chess" of cue sports.

4. 俄式台球 (Russian Pyramid)

l 目标： 最常见的玩法是“自由球”。将15个白色号码球摆成三角形，用红色母球开球。打进一颗白球得1分，通常先得8分者胜。母球进袋或飞出台面是严重犯规。

¡ Objective: The most common game is "Free Pyramid". The 15 white balls are racked in a triangle, and broken with the red cue ball. Pocketing a white scores 1 point, usually first to 8 wins. Scratching or jumping the cue ball off the table is a severe foul.

l 特点：

¡ ○ 硬件极端：球桌巨大（通常12英尺），球是所有台球中最大的（68mm），而袋口仅比球宽1-2毫米，几乎要求“绝对垂直”的精准度才能进袋。

n *Extreme equipment: Huge table (often 12ft), largest balls of all cue sports (68mm), and pockets only 1-2mm wider than the balls, requiring near "perfectly vertical" accuracy to pocket a ball.*

¡ ○ 难度堪称世界之最。进球极其困难，很多时候策略不是直接进攻，而是通过撞击对方母球或目标球来创造机会或防守。

n The difficulty is considered the highest in the world. Potting is extremely hard; often the strategy is not direct attack but to create opportunities or play defense by contacting the opponent's cue ball or object balls.

¡ ○ 对力量的控制要求极高，因为球又大又重。

n Extremely high demand for power control because the balls are large and heavy.

总结 / Summary

l ● 想体验速度和爽快感：可以看美式九球。

¡ *For speed and excitement: Watch 9-Ball.*

l ● 想体验严谨的规则和攻防转换（国内最常见）：玩中式黑八。

¡ *For strict rules and tactical play (most common domestically in China): Play Chinese 8-Ball.*

l ● 想欣赏极致的精准、控制和大师风范：看英式斯诺克。

¡ To appreciate ultimate precision, control, and mastery: Watch Snooker.

l ● 想挑战人类准度的极限，寻求自虐般的体验：可以尝试俄式台球。

¡ To challenge the limits of human accuracy and seek a masochistic experience: Try Russian Pyramid.